Elección de la fecha de siembra como posible estrategia para disminuir el impacto del pulgón amarillo del sorgo Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald, 1904) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) en la Región Semiárida

Abstract

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de dos fechas de siembra en el rendimiento de diversos híbridos de sorgo granífero bajo la presión natural del pulgón amarillo del sorgo en la región semiárida pampeana, con el fin de identificar la fecha de siembra más efectiva para mitigar los daños causados por este áfido.

This study evaluated the effect of two planting dates on the yield of 15 grain sorghum hybrids under natural pressure from the Sorghum Aphid (Melanaphis sorghi) in the semi-arid pampean region. Two trials were established at INTA's Anguil Experimental Station (La Pampa, Argentina) during the 2023/24 season, with plantings dates on November 17 and December 27, 2023. Sorghum Aphid population peaks reached during boot and flowering phases. Of 15 sorghum hybrids evaluated, 6 showed significant yield differences between planting dates. An inverse relationship between yield and aphid population was observed, with the exception of hybrid OPS 70. Planting date selection is complex, influenced by population levels, exposure time, resistance - tolerance mechanisms, and agroenvironmental factors. Most hybrids were unaffected by planting date, and results do not determine an optimal date for higher yields in the presence of Sorghum Aphid. Further research with more hybrids and long-term studies is suggested.