Cambios en parámetros cuantitativos de Lilium para corte producidos por la época de cultivo y por la densidad de plantación

Abstract

La temperatura y la luz son los factores que más afectan el crecimiento del Lilium y la respuesta es diferente para los distintos híbridos. En este trabajo, evaluamos la incidencia de la época (otoño/primavera) y la densidad (36,6 y 45,8 plantas·m-2) en parámetros de interés comercial de tres cultivares de Lilium para flor de corte: Ercolano (L.A.), Nello (Asiático) y Snow Queen (Longiflorum). Se registraron: altura de plantas cada siete días, duración de las etapas del ciclo, número de botones florales formados, flores abiertas y abortadas y se relacionaron con temperaturas del suelo y del aire y radiación fotosintéticamente activa incidente. Ercolano fue más afectado por la época de cultivo que por la densidad, resultando plantas más altas en otoño. Nello fue más afectado por la densidad que por la época, con plantas más altas a la menor densidad, y Snow Queen produjo plantas más altas en otoño y con la menor densidad. La densidad no afectó la duración del ciclo en ninguna cultivar, así como tampoco el número de botones formados y abortados. La plantación primaveral produjo acortamiento del ciclo debido a mayores temperaturas diurnas y, en todos los casos, el número de botones florales fue mayor en otoño que en primavera, efecto que no pudo relacionarse directamente con la temperatura. ----- Lilium for cut flowers: changes in quantitative parameters produced by season and density at planting. Lily growth is deeply affected by temperature and light, and the response to these factors differs among hybrids. We evaluated the effects of season (spring/autumn) and density (36.6 and 45.8 plants·m-2) at planting on parameters of commercial interest for Lilium used as cut flowers: Ercolano (L.A.), Nello (Asiatic) and Snow Queen (Longiflorum). Measurements included: plant height every seven days, length of stage for each cycle, number of floral buds, open and aborted flowers, soil and air temperatures, and photosynthetically active radiation. Ercolano was more affected by season than by plant density, with taller plants in autumn. Nello was more affected by density than by season, with taller plants at the lower plant density. Snow Queen produced taller plants in autumn and with lower plant density. Plant density does not affect the duration of the cycle in any cultivar, or the number of formed and aborted buds. Spring planting reduces the length of the cycle, due to higher day temperatures. In all cases the number of floral buds was greater in autumn than in spring, an effect that cannot be directly related to temperature.

Lily growth is deeply affected by temperature and light, and the response to these factors differs among hybrids. We evaluated the effects of season (spring/autumn) and density (36.6 and 45.8 plants·m-2) at planting on parameters of commercial interest for Lilium used as cut flowers: Ercolano (L.A.), Nello (Asiatic) and Snow Queen (Longiflorum). Measurements included: plant height every seven days, length of stage for each cycle, number of floral buds, open and aborted flowers, soil and air temperatures, and photosynthetically active radiation. Ercolano was more affected by season than by plant density, with taller plants in autumn. Nello was more affected by density than by season, with taller plants at the lower plant density. Snow Queen produced taller plants in autumn and with lower plant density. Plant density does not affect the duration of the cycle in any cultivar, or the number of formed and aborted buds. Spring planting reduces the length of the cycle, due to higher day temperatures. In all cases the number of floral buds was greater in autumn than in spring, an effect that cannot be directly related to temperature.