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Babesia bovis AMA-1, MSA-2c and RAP-1 contain conserved B and T-cell epitopes, which generate neutralizing antibodies and a long-lasting Th1 immune response in vaccinated cattle
Abstract
Vaccines against bovine babesiosis must, ideally, induce a humoral immune response characterized by neutralizing antibodies against conserved epitopes and a cellular Th1 immune response. In Babesia bovis, proteins such as AMA-1, MSA-2c, and RAP-1 have been characterized and antibodies against these proteins have shown a neutralizing effect, demonstrating the implication of B and T-cell epitopes in the immune response. There is evidence of the existence of
[ver mas...]
Vaccines against bovine babesiosis must, ideally, induce a humoral immune response characterized by neutralizing antibodies against conserved epitopes and a cellular Th1 immune response. In Babesia bovis, proteins such as AMA-1, MSA-2c, and RAP-1 have been characterized and antibodies against these proteins have shown a neutralizing effect, demonstrating the implication of B and T-cell epitopes in the immune response. There is evidence of the existence of B and T-cell epitopes in these proteins, however, it remains to be defined, the presence of conserved peptides in strains from around the world containing B and T-cell epitopes, and their role in the generation of a long-lasting immunity. The aim in this paper was to identify peptides of Babesia bovis AMA-1, MSA-2c, and RAP-1 that elicit a neutralizing and long-lasting Th1 immune response. Peptides containing B-cell epitopes of AMA-1, MSA-2c and RAP-1, were identified. The immune response generated by each peptide was characterized in cattle. All peptides tested induced antibodies that recognized intraerythrocytic parasites, however, only 5 peptides generated neutralizing antibodies in vitro: P2AMA-1 (6.28%), P3MSA-2c (10.27%), P4MSA-2c (10.42%), P1RAP-1 (32.45%), and P4RAP-1 (36.98%). When these neutralizing antibodies were evaluated as a pool, the inhibition percentage of invasion increased to 52.37%. When the T cellular response was evaluated, two peptides: P3MSA2c and P2AMA1 induced a higher percentage (>70%) of activated CD4 +/CD45RO+ T cells than unstimulated cells. Additionally, both peptides induced the production of gamma interferon (IFN-) in PBMCs from vaccinated cattle after one year proving the implication of a long-lasting Th1 immune response. In conclusion, we identified conserved peptides containing B and T-cell epitopes in antigens of B. bovis that elicit a Th1 immune response and showed evidence that peptides from the same protein elicit different immune responses, which has implication for vaccine development in bovine babesiosis.
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![Thumbnail](/bitstream/handle/20.500.12123/11574/Vaccine_cover.gif?sequence=4&isAllowed=y)
Author
Hidalgo-Ruiz, Mario;
Mejia-López, Susana;
Pérez-Serrano, Rosa M.;
Zaldívar-Lelo de Larrea, Guadalupe;
Ganzinelli, Sabrina Belen;
Florin-Christensen, Monica;
Suarez, Carlos Esteban;
Hernández-Ortiz, Rubén;
Mercado-Uriostegui, Miguel A.;
Rodríguez-Torres, Angelina;
Carvajal-Gamez, Bertha I.;
Camacho-Nuez, Minerva;
Wilkowsky, Silvina Elizabeth;
Mosqueda, Juan;
Fuente
Vaccine 40 (8) : 1108-1115 (Febrero 2022)
Date
2022-02
Editorial
Elsevier
ISSN
0264-410X
Formato
pdf
Tipo de documento
artículo
Palabras Claves
Derechos de acceso
Restringido
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